Abstract: To address the structural dynamic deformation of large spacecraft caused by thermal loads, maneuvering control, and other factors during on-orbit operations, this study proposes a dynamic deformation reconstruction method based on the modal method and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) error compensation network. The method first employs the modal method to achieve preliminary deformation reconstruction using strain measurement data from optimally distributed key nodes on the spacecraft. On this basis, an LSTM network is constructed to mine underlying information from the strain measurement data, learning and compensating for errors in the modal-based reconstruction, thereby enhancing reconstruction accuracy. Simulation results demonstrate that, compared to the traditional modal method, the proposed approach effectively improves the reconstruction accuracy of spacecraft dynamic deformation, laying an important foundation for high-precision control of spacecraft.