Abstract: Addressing the trajectory tracking control problem of space robots under performance constraints, a finite-time performance-constrained robust control strategy based on command-filtered backstepping is proposed. Firstly, a novel asymmetric tangent-type barrier Lyapunov function is designed and integrated with finite-time control methods to construct a performance-constrained control scheme based on finite-time command filtering. This scheme not only ensures that the base attitude angle and joint angles of the space robot are always confined within asymmetric predefined intervals but also guarantees finite-time convergence of the system states to the desired trajectory. Secondly, the transient performance of the system is further improved by applying time-varying function boundaries. Additionally, a robust controller is designed based on the Hamilton-Jacobi Inequality (HJI) method to effectively suppress the influence of external uncertain disturbances on the space robot. Finally, the finite-time stability of the system state variables is proven using Lyapunov stability theory. Comparative simulations validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed control strategy.