逆行地球同步轨道转移方法研究

Research on Orbit Transfer to Retro-GEO

摘要: 为实现逆行地球同步轨道（retrograde geostationary earth orbit，retro-GEO）航天器的轨道转移，提出一种利用超同步转移轨道（super synchronous transfer orbit，SSTO）实现从地球同步转移轨道（geostationary transfer orbit，GTO）至Retro-GEO轨道的轨道转移方法. 分析Retro-GEO轨道转移任务的特点，并建立了相应的轨道转移动力学模型. 给出传统的GTO轨道转移方案、月球借力轨道转移方案和SSTO转移方案的实施策略. 最后通过仿真分析表明，SSTO轨道转移方案能有效降低轨道转移所需要的速度增量，容错率高，具备工程实施可能，可用于未来Retro-GEO轨道转移任务.

Abstract: A method for transferring from GEO-synchronous transfer orbit (GTO) to Retrograde GEO-synchronous orbit (Retro-GEO) with super-synchronous transfer orbit (SSTO) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the characteristics of Retro-GEO orbit transfer are given, and the basic theory of orbit transfer is shown. Then, traditional GEO orbit transfer method, moon swing-by orbit transfer method and SSTO orbit transfer method are compared. Finally, the numerical simulation results show that SSTO orbit transfer method has advantages in both reducing velocity requirement and engineering implementability.